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NMT歷*的今天丨TaNAC2-5A調控硝酸鹽提升小麥產量
NMT是基因功能的活體檢測技術，已被103位諾貝爾獎得主所在單位，及北大、清華、中科院使用。
NMT歷*的今天
2015年12月27日，中科院遺傳發育所童依平、何雪用NMT在Plant Physiology上發表了標題為The Nitrate-Inducible NAC Transcription Factor TaNAC2-5A Controls Nitrate Response and Increases Wheat Yield的研究成果。
期刊：Plant Physiology
主題：TaNAC2-5A控制**鹽反應提高小麥產量
標題：The Nitrate-Inducible NAC Transcription Factor TaNAC2-5A Controls Nitrate Response and Increases Wheat Yield
影響因子：7.394
檢測指標：NO3-流速
作者：中科院遺傳發育所童依平、何雪
英文摘要
Nitrate is a major nitrogen resource for cereal crops; thus, understanding nitrate signaling in cereal crops is valuable for engineering crops with improved nitrogen use efficiency. Although several regulators have been identified in nitrate sensing and signaling in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the equivalent information in cereals is missing.
Here, we isolated a nitrate-inducible and cereal-specific NAM, ATAF, and CUC (NAC) transcription factor, TaNAC2-5A, from wheat (Triticum aestivum). A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that TaNAC2-5A could directly bind to the promoter regions of the genes encoding nitrate transporter and glutamine synthetase. Overexpression of TaNAC2-5A in wheat enhanced root growth and nitrate influx rate and, hence, increased the root’s ability to acquire nitrogen. Furthermore, we found that TaNAC2-5A-overexpressing transgenic wheat lines had higher grain yield and higher nitrogen accumulation in aerial parts and allocated more nitrogen in grains in a field experiment.
These results suggest that TaNAC2-5A is involved in nitrate signaling and show that it is an exciting gene resource for breeding crops with more efficient use of fertilizer.
中文摘要（谷歌機翻）
**鹽是谷物作物的主要氮資源。因此，了解谷類作物中的**鹽信號對于提高氮素利用效率的工程作物非常有價值。盡管已經在擬南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）的**鹽感測和信號傳導中確定了幾種調節劑，但谷物中的等效信息卻缺失了。
在這里，我們從小麥（Triticum aestivum）中分離出了**鹽誘導型和谷類特異性NAM，ATAF和CUC（NAC）轉錄因子TaNAC2-5A。染色質免疫沉淀分析表明，TaNAC2-5A可以直接結合到編碼**鹽轉運蛋白和谷氨酰胺合成酶的基因的啟動子區域。TaNAC2-5A在小麥中的過表達增強了根系的生長和**鹽的流入速率，因此增加了根系獲得氮的能力。此外，我們發現在田間試驗中，過表達TaNAC2-5A的轉基因小麥品系具有較高的籽粒產量和較高的氮素在地上部分的積累，并在籽粒中分配了更多的氮。
這些結果表明，TaNAC2-5A參與**鹽信號傳導，并表明它是利用更有效地使用肥料來育種作物的令人興奮的基因資源。
D and E, Nitrate in?ux rates at the root tip surface (D) and expression levels of nitrate transporters in whole seedlings (E). Seedlings were grown for 4 d on solid medium that contained 6 mM nitrate. The roots were used to measure nitrate ?ux rate in the measuring solution that contained 1 mM nitrate. Data are means 6 SE for six plants. Whole seedlings were used to analyze the expression of nitrate trans-porters. The relative expression levels were normalized to the expression of AtACTIN2 (AtACT2). Data are means 6 SE of three replicates. Asterisks indicate that the difference between the means of the wild type and the transgenic lines was signi?cant at the P , 0.05 (*) and P , 0.01 (**) levels.